Guidelines for the aggregation and exchange of Usage Data

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Knowledge Exchange and Usage Statistics

KE is a co-operative effort between JISC, SURF, DEFF and DFG. International interoperability guidelines for the comparable exchange of usage data is one of these co-operative efforts.

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Date	version	Author	Description	PDF
2010-05-26	1.0	Peter Verhaar	Definitive version 1.0.; Comments made during the phone conference which took place on 25-05-2010 and which was attended by Thobias Schäfer, Hans-Werber Hilse, Jochen Schirrwagen, Marek Imialek, Paul Needham, Peter Verhaar, Maurice Vanderfeesten, Natalia Manola and Lefteris Stamatogiannakis

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2010-05-18	0.9.5	Peter Verhaar	DRAFT version 1.0 ; comments and layout improvements made by Jochen Schirrwagen, Max Kemman, Peter Verhaar and Maurice Vanderfeesten
2010-04-24	0.9	Peter Verhaar	Revised version, in which comments made by Benoit Pauwels, Hans-Werner Hilse, Thobias Schäfer, Daniel Metje and Paul Needham have been incorporated.
2010-04-13	0.2	Maurice Vanderfeesten	Added the sections based on the Knowledge Exchange meeting in Berlin. And filled in some additional information to these sections.
2010-03-25	0.1	Peter Verhaar	First draft, based on technical specifications from the OA-Statistics project (written by Daniel Metje and Hans-Werner Hilse), the NEEO project (witten by Benoit Pauwels) and the SURE project (written by Peter Verhaar and Lucas van Schaik)

Abstract

Guidelines for the exchange of usage statistics from a repository to a central server using OAI-PMH and OpenURL Context Objects.

...

The following projects and parties will endorse these guidelines, by applying these in their implementation.

1. Introduction

The impact or the quality of academic publications is traditionally measured by considering the number of times the text is cited. Nevertheless, the existing system for citation-based metrics has frequently been the target of serious criticism. Citation data provided by ISI focus on published journal articles only, and other forms of academic output, such as dissertations or monographs are mostly neglected. In addition, it normally takes a long time before citation data can become available, because of publication lags. As a result of this growing dissatisfaction with citation-based metrics, a number of research projects have begun to explore alternative methods for the measurement of academic impact. Many of these initiatives have based their findings on usage data. An important advantage of download statistics is that they can readily be applied to all electronic resources, regardless of their contents. Whereas citation analyses only reveal usage by authors of journal articles, usage data can in theory be produced by any user. An additional benefit of measuring impact via the number of downloads is the fact that usage data can become available directly after the item has been placed on-line.

...

The institution that is responsible for the repository that contains the requested document is referred to as a usage data provider. Data can be stored locally in a variety of formats, but to allow for a meaningful central collection of data, usage data providers must be able to expose the data in a standardised data format, so that they can be harvested and transferred to a central database. The institution that manages the central database is referred to as the usage data aggregator. The data must be transferred using a well-defined transfer protocol. The data aggregator harvests individual usage data providers minimally on a daily basis, and bears the primary responsibility for synchronising the local and the central data. Ultimately, certain services can be built on the basis of the data that have been accumulated (see figure 1)

Figure 1.

The approach that is proposed here coincides largely with scenario B that is described in the final report of PIRUS1 (see figure 2). In this scenario, "the generated OpenURL entries are sent to a server hosted locally at the institution, which then exposes those entries via the OAI-PMH for harvesting by an external third party".

...

The OpenURL Framework Initiative recommends that each community that adopts the OpenURL Context Objects Schema should define its application profile. Such a profile must consist of specifications for the use of namespaces, character encodings, serialisation, constraint languages, formats, metadata formats, and transport protocols. This section will attempt to provide such a profile, based on the experiences from the projects PIRUS, NEEO, SURE and OA-Statistics.
The root element of the XML-document must be <context-objects>. It must contain a reference to the official schema and declare the following namespace:

Each usage event must be described in a separate <context-object> element. All individual <context-object> elements must be wrapped into the <context-objects> root element.
Each <context-object> must have a timestamp attribute, and it may optionally be given an identifier attribute. These two attributes can be used to record the request time and an identification of the usage event. Details are provided below.

<context-object/@timestamp> | Request Time

<context-object/@identifier> | Usage Event ID

Occurences of child elements in <context-object>

Within a <context-object> element, the following subelements can be used:

3.1.2. <referent>

The <referent> element must provide information on the item that is requested. More specifically, it must record the following data elements.

<referent/identifier> | Location of object file or metadata file

<referent/identifier> | Other identifier of requested item

3.1.3. <referringEntity>

The <ReferringEntity> provides information about the environment that has forwarded has directed the user to the item that was requested. This referrer can be expressed in two ways.

<referringEntity/identifier> | Referrer URL

...

3.1.4. <requester>

The user who has sent the request for the file is identified in the <requester> element.

<requester/identifier> |

...

IP-address of requester

3.1.4. <requester>

The user who has sent the request for the file is identified in the <requester> element.

<requester/identifier> | IP-address of requester

<requester/.../dcterms:spatial> | Geographic location

3.1.5. <service-type>

<service-type/.../dcterms:type> | Request Type

3.1.6. <resolver> and <referrer>

<resolver/identifier> | Host name

<resolver/identifier> | Location of OpenURL Resolver

<referrer/identifier> |

...

Referrer Identifier

3.2. Extensions

3.2.1. <requester>

<requested/identifier> | C-class Subnet

<requester/.../dini:classification> | Classification of the requester

<requester/.../dini:hashed-session> | Hashed session of the requester

<requester/.../dini:user-agent> | Full user agent string of the requester

4. Transfer Protocols

4.1. OAI-PMH

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<OAI-PMH>
...
<record>
    <header> ... (compare notes about the record header)</header>
    <metadata>
        <dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/"
            xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
            <identifier>ID2</identifier>
            <description> Usage Event Data for Server ... from ... until ... </description>
        </dc>
    </metadata>
</record>
...
</OAI-PMH>

4.1.5. Usage of Sets

(see OAI-PMH, 2.7.2 )

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<OAI-PMH>
...
<metadataFormat>
  <metadataPrefix>ctxo</metadataPrefix>
  <schema>http://www.openurl.info/registry/docs/xsd/info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx</schema>
  <metadataNamespace>info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx</metadataNamespace>
</metadataFormat>
...
</OAI-PMH>

4.1.8. Inclusion of Context Objects in OAI-PMH records

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<OAI-PMH>
...
<record>
    <header>
        <identifier>urn:uuid:e5d037a0-633c-11df-a08a-0800200c9a66</identifier>
        <datestamp>2009-06-02T14:10:02Z</datestamp>
    </header>
    <metadata>
        <context-objects xmlns="info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx">
            <context-object datestamp="2009-06-01T19:20:57Z">
              ...
            </context-object>
            <context-object datestamp="2009-06-01T19:21:07Z">
              ...
            </context-object>
        </context-objects>
    </metadata>
</record>
...
</OAI-PMH>

...

OAI-PMH is a relatively light-weight protocol which does not allow for a bidirectional traffic. If a more reliable error-handling is required, the Standardised Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative (SUSHI) must be used. SUSHI http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/ was developed by NISO (National Information Standards Organization) in cooperation with COUNTER. This document assumes that the communication between the aggregator and the usage data provider takes place as is explained in figure 4.

Figure 4.

The interaction commences when the log aggregator sends a request for a report about the daily usage of a certain repository. Two parameters must be sent as part of this request: (1) the date of the report and (2) the file name of the most recent robot filter. The filename that is mentioned in this request will be compared to the local filename. Four possible responses can be returned by the repository.

• If the filename that is mentioned in the request exactly matches the filename that is maintained locally, and if a report for the requested data is indeed available, this report will be returned immediately.
• In this protocol, only daily reports will be allowed. This was decided mainly to restrict the size of the data traffic between the servers. If a request is sent for a period that exceeds one day, an error message will be sent indicating that the date parameter is incorrect.
• If the URI of the robot filter file, for some reason, cannot be resolved to an actual file, an error message will be sent about this.
• If the parameters are correct, but if the report is not yet available, a message will be sent which provides an estimation of the time of arrival.

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
 <soap:Body>
  <ReportRequest
   xmlns:ctr="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter
   http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter_sushi3_0.xsd"
   xmlns="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
   <Requestor>
    <ID>www.logaggregator.nl</ID>
    <Name>Log Aggregator</Name>
    <Email>logaggregator@surf.nl</Email>
   </Requestor>
   <CustomerReference>
    <ID>www.leiden.edu</ID>
    <Name>Leiden University</Name>
   </CustomerReference>
   <ReportDefinition Release="urn:robots-v1.xml" Name="Daily Report v1">
    <Filters>
     <UsageDateRange>
      <Begin>2009-12-21</Begin>
      <End>2009-12-22</End>
     </UsageDateRange>
    </Filters>
   </ReportDefinition>
  </ReportRequest>
 </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
				xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
				xsi:schemaLocation="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
	<soap:Body>
		<ReportResponse xmlns:ctr="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter"
						xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter_sushi3_0.xsd"
						xmlns="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi"
						xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
			<Requestor>
				<ID>www.logaggregator.nl</ID>
				<Name>Log Aggregator</Name>
				<Email>logaggregator@surf.nl</Email>
			</Requestor>
			<CustomerReference>
				<ID>www.leiden.edu</ID>
				<Name>Leiden University</Name>
			</CustomerReference>
			<ReportDefinition Release="urn:DRv1" Name="Daily Report v1">
				<Filters>
					<UsageDateRange>
						<Begin>2009-12-22</Begin>
						<End>2009-12-23</End>
					</UsageDateRange>
				</Filters>
			</ReportDefinition>
			<Exception>
				<Number>1</Number>
				<Message>The range of dates that was provided is not valid. Only daily reports are
				available.</Message>
			</Exception>
		</ReportResponse>
	</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

If the begin date and the end date in the request of the log aggregator form a period that exceeds one day, an error message must be sent. In the SUSHI schema, such messages may be sent in an <Exception> element. Three types of errors can be distinguished. Each error type is given its own number. An human-readable error message is provided under <Message>.

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
				xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
				xsi:schemaLocation="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
	<soap:Body>
		<ReportResponse xmlns:ctr="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter"
						xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter_sushi3_0.xsd"
						xmlns="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi"
						xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
			<Requestor>
				<ID>www.logaggregator.nl</ID>
				<Name>Log Aggregator</Name>
				<Email>logaggregator@surf.nl</Email>
			</Requestor>
			<CustomerReference>
				<ID>www.leiden.edu</ID>
				<Name>Leiden University</Name>
			</CustomerReference>
			<ReportDefinition Release="urn:DRv1" Name="Daily Report v1">
				<Filters>
					<UsageDateRange>
						<Begin>2009-12-22</Begin>
						<End>2009-12-23</End>
					</UsageDateRange>
				</Filters>
			</ReportDefinition>
			<Exception>
				<Number>1</Number>
				<Message>The range of dates that was provided is not valid. Only daily reports are
				available.</Message>
			</Exception>
		</ReportResponse>
	</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

A second type of error may be caused by the fact that the file that is mentioned in the request can not be accessed. In this situation, the response will look as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
				xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
				xsi:schemaLocation="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
	<soap:Body>
		<ReportResponse xmlns:ctr="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter"
						xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter_sushi3_0.xsd"
						xmlns="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi"
						xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
			<Requestor>
				<ID>www.logaggregator.nl</ID>
				<Name>Log Aggregator</Name>
				<Email>logaggregator@surf.nl</Email>
			</Requestor>
			<CustomerReference>
				<ID>www.leiden.edu</ID>
				<Name>Leiden University</Name>
			</CustomerReference>
			<ReportDefinition Release="urn:DRv1" Name="Daily Report v1">
				<Filters>
					<UsageDateRange>
						<Begin>2009-12-22</Begin>
						<End>2009-12-23</End>
					</UsageDateRange>
				</Filters>
			</ReportDefinition>
			<Exception>
				<Number>2</Number>
				<Message>The file describing the internet robots is not accessible.</Message>
			</Exception>
		</ReportResponse>
	</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

When the repository is in the course of producing the requested report, a response will be sent that is very similar to listing 5. The estimated time of completion will be provided in the <Data> element. According to the documentation of the SUSHI XML schema, this element may be used for any other optional data.

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
				xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
				xsi:schemaLocation="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/ http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
	<soap:Body>
		<ReportResponse xmlns:ctr="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter"
						xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi/counter_sushi3_0.xsd"
						xmlns="http://www.niso.org/schemas/sushi"
						xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
			<Requestor>
				<ID>www.logaggregator.nl</ID>
				<Name>Log Aggregator</Name>
				<Email>logaggregator@surf.nl</Email>
			</Requestor>
			<CustomerReference>
				<ID>www.leiden.edu</ID>
				<Name>Leiden University</Name>
			</CustomerReference>
			<ReportDefinition Release="urn:DRv1" Name="Daily Report v1">
				<Filters>
					<UsageDateRange>
						<Begin>2009-12-22</Begin>
						<End>2009-12-23</End>
					</UsageDateRange>
				</Filters>
			</ReportDefinition>
			<Exception>
				<Number>3</Number>
				<Message>The report is not yet available. The estimated time of completion is
				provided under "Data".</Message>
				<Data>2010-01-08T12:13:00+01:00</Data>
			</Exception>
		</ReportResponse>
	</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

Error numbers and the corresponding Error messages are also provided in the table below.

5. Normalisation

5.1. Double Clicks

If a single user clicks repeatedly on the same item within a given amount of time, this should be counted as a single request. This measure is needed to minimise the impact of conscious falsification by authors. There appears to be some difference as regards the time-frame of double clicks. The table below provides an overview of the various timeframes that have been suggested.

Individual usage data providers should not filter doubles clicks. This form of normalisation should be carried out on a central level by the aggregator.

...

The "user" as defined in section 2 of this report is assumed to be a human user. Consequently, the focus of this document is on requests which have consciously been initiated by human beings. Automated visits by internet robots must be filtered from the data as much as possible.

5.2.2. Strategy

It is decided to make a distinction between two 'layers' of robot filtering (see also figure 5):

...

To implement requirement 5, the following mechanism will be implemented:

• The current version of the list can be reached by placing /current/ in the local path of the URI, e.g.: http://purl.org/robotslist/current/robotlist.xml
• An overview of the previous versions can be found by going to the parent of the /current/ localpath element, e.g.: http://purl.org/robotslist/
• Previous versions of the robot list can referred to by using the preferred date instead of the /current/ local path elementcurrent version of the list can be reached by placing /current/ in the local path of the URI, e.g.: http://purl.org/robotslist/2010/05/12current/robotlist.xml 

6. Legal boundaries

6.1. Usage of IP addresses and the protection of a 'natural person'

...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
	<context-objects xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
						xmlns        xmlns:dcterms="http://dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dcmi-terms/"
						xmlns        xmlns:sv="info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:sch_svc"
						xsi        xsi:schemaLocation="info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx http://www.openurl.info/registry/docs/info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx"
						xmlns        xmlns="info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:ctx">
		<context    <context-object timestamp="2009-07-29T08:15:46+01:00" identifier="b06c0444f37249a0a8f748d3b823ef2a">

			<referent>
				<identifier>https        <referent>
            <identifier>https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/1887/12100/1/Thesis.pdf</identifier>
				<identifier>http            <identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/1887/12100</identifier>
			<        </referent>

			<referring        <referring-entity>
				<identifier>http            <identifier>http://www.google.nl/search?hl=nl&amp;q=beleidsregels+artikel+4%3A84&amp;meta="</identifier>
				<identifier>info            <identifier>info:sid/google</identifier>
			<        </referring-entity>

			<requester>
				<identifier>         <requester>
            <identifier> data:,b505e629c508bdcfbf2a774df596123dd001cee172dae5519660b6014056f53a</identifier>

				<metadata            <metadata-by-val>
					<format>http                <format>http://dini.de/namespace/oas-requesterinfo</format>
					<metadata>
					<requesterinfo                <metadata>
                    <requesterinfo xmlns="http://dini.de/namespace/oas-requesterinfo">
						<hashed                        <hashed-ip>data:,b505e629c508bdcfbf2a774df596123dd001cee172dae5519660b6014056f53a</hashed-ip>
						<hashed                        <hashed-c>data:,d001cee172dae5519660b6014056f5346d05e629c508bdcfbf2a774df596123d</hashed-c>
						<hostname>uni                        <hostname>uni-saarland.de</hostname>
						<classification>institutional</classification>
						<hashed-session>data:660b14056f5346d0</hashed-session>
						<user                        <classification>institutional</classification>
                        <hashed-session>660b14056f5346d0</hashed-session>
                        <user-agent>mozilla/5.0 (windows; u; windows nt 5.1; de; rv:1.8.1.1) gecko/20061204</user-agent>
					</requesterinfo>
				</metadata>
			<                    </requesterinfo>
                </metadata>
            </metadata-by-val>
		<        </requester>

		<service        <service-type>
			<metadata            <metadata-by-val>
				<format>http                <format>http://dublincore.org/documents/2008/01/14/dcmi-terms/</format>
				<metadata>
					<dcterms                <metadata>
                    <dcterms:format>info:eu-repo/semantics/objectFile</dcterms:format>
				</metadata>
			<                </metadata>
            </metadata-by-val>
		<        </service-type>

		<resolver>
			<identifier>http        <resolver>
            <identifier>http://www.worldcat.org/libraries/53238</identifier>
		<        </resolver>

		<referrer>
			<identifier>info        <referrer>
            <identifier>info:sid/dlib.org:dlib</identifier>
		<        </referrer>

	<    </context-object>
</context-objects>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">

	<xs:element name="exclusions">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:sequence>
				<xs:element ref="sources"/>
				<xs:element ref="robot-list"/>
			</xs:sequence>
			<xs:attributeGroup ref="attlist.exclusions"/>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:attributeGroup name="attlist.exclusions">
		<xs:attribute name="version" type="xs:string"/>
		<xs:attribute name="datestamp" type="xs:date"/>
	</xs:attributeGroup>

	<xs:element name="sources">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:sequence>
				<xs:element ref="source" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
			</xs:sequence>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:element name="source">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:simpleContent>
				<xs:extension base="xs:string">
					<xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID" use="required"/>
					<xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string"/>
					<xs:attribute name="version" type="xs:string"/>
					<xs:attribute name="datestamp" type="xs:date"/>
				</xs:extension>
			</xs:simpleContent>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:element name="sourceRef">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:simpleContent>
				<xs:extension base="xs:string">
					<xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:IDREF" use="required"/>
				</xs:extension>
			</xs:simpleContent>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:element name="robot-list">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:sequence>
				<xs:element ref="useragent" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
			</xs:sequence>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:element name="useragent">
		<xs:complexType>
			<xs:sequence>
				<xs:element ref="regEx"/>
				<xs:element ref="sourceRef" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
			</xs:sequence>
		</xs:complexType>
	</xs:element>

	<xs:element name="regEx" type="xs:string"/>

</xs:schema>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<exclusions xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
			xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="robotlist.xsd"
			version="1.0"
			datestamp="2010-04-10">

	<sources>
		<source id="l1" name="COUNTER" version="R3" datestamp="2010-04-01">COUNTER list of internet robotos</source>
		<source id="l2" name="PLOS">PLOS list of internet robotos</source>
	</sources>

	<robot-list>
		<useragent>
			<regEx>[^a]fish</regEx>
			<sourceRef id="l2"/>
		</useragent>
		<useragent>
			<regEx>[+:,\.\;\/-]bot</regEx>
			<sourceRef id="l2"/>
		</useragent>
		<useragent>
			<regEx>acme\.spider</regEx>
			<sourceRef id="l2"/>
		</useragent>
		<useragent>
			<regEx>Brutus\/AET</regEx>
			<sourceRef id="l1"/>
			<sourceRef id="l2"/>
		</useragent>
		<useragent>
			<regEx>Code\sSample\sWeb\sClient</regEx>
			<sourceRef id="l1"/>
		</useragent>

	</robot-list>

</exclusions>

https://www.surfgroepen.nl/sites/surfshare/ArticleWorkspace/Gedeelde%20documenten/OpenRepositories2010/posters/OR2010-PosterPresentation-DRAFT-Linking%20institutional%20repositories%20to%20the%20Open%20Data%20Web-Thomas%20Place,%20Maurice%20Vanderfeesten.pdf